KaiserJeep wrote:Tanada, they keep careful records, analyze them, and draw valid conclusions. There are literally many man-centuries of effort and a whole lot of discussion behind these medical reccomendations. Every time their treatments killed somebody, they noted that in effect - they measure the effectiveness of alternative treatment regimens and choose the most successful, the medicines with the highest rates of success and the lowest rates of mortality.
You are welcome to your opinion and welcome to do what you want about your own health. But you remain an amatuer at this, drawing conclusions from a sample size of one person, under totally uncontrolled conditions. I'm not going to argue these points, the medical profession has a proven record of success. My doctor and myself both believe in the statistics. You are welcome to believe in crystals, magic, the advice of elderly relatives, whatever you read in books, in fact anything you want.
But none of the people who killed themselves doing what "felt right" or what "seemed right" to them ever wrote books about their experiences. I don't claim that medical professionals are any wiser or luckier or more intelligent than anybody else. They are carefull record keepers who analyze most carefully what results they do get. They have records of treating hundreds, thousands, or millions of people. That's all.
My doctor is in fact quite supportive of whatever I have success doing. I don't know how you developed your opinion about doctors but I'm sure you had reasons. Maybe I was just luckier with my doctors than you were.
All of the things you refer to as treatments that killed people were things that killed very quickly. Treatments that do small amounts of accumulated damage require actual science to be detected because they are not 'in your face bad' which is pretty obvious. For example the very first statin drug that was tested on humans was so good at eliminating Cholesterol (a needed human building block for cell repair and hormone transport) that several of the volunteers died within weeks of starting the 90 day trial and the rest of the test was cancelled out of fear of killing the rest.
Chemotherapy and radiotherapy for cancer patients, initially they started with very high doses to kill the cancer ASAP in the thought that this was the best regimen. However 5 year survival rates actually went down though of course it took 5 years to be sure of that. Modern Chemotherapy and radiotherapy are much more targeted, you no longer get large broad radiation doses for solid tumors and they now give you just enough chemical poison of a kind targeted a little better for cancer cells with chemotherapy. These improvements mean that modern cancer treatments are a great deal better than they were 40 years ago when they really did little other than make the patients last weeks or months truly miserable. I respect Cancer Doctors because even if it took them a while they started learning right away how to improve the course of treatment.
In the 1950's a fraud named Doctor Ancel Keys developed the Diet heart hypothesis aka the Cholesterol Theory. He altered data to fit his hypothesis rather than admit he had made a mistake because his answer 'felt right' to him and his wife. Because he had done work for the US Government during WW II developing K-rations and working on starvation studies for POW's rescued in the middle of the war his opinion was held as valuable and with his altered data to back up his hypothesis he was lauded as having discovered a crucial factor in human heart health. There were a number of doctors who disagreed with his hypothesis and pointed out its deficiencies repeatedly, but he had Uncle Sam on his side so none of that mattered. Keys Cholesterol theory is not supported by ANY scientific study, quite the opposite in fact. Every well run study that limited variables for confounding factors demonstrates the same thing, Cholesterol levels are irrelevant as markers for heart health. Deceased heart patients in the tens of thousands have been autopsied and their Cholesterol levels are all over the spectrum of possible values.
It turns out that manufactured trans fatty acid intake is a much more relevant marker for heart health in an otherwise normal individual. the less hydrogenated oils a person consumed in the five years prior to death the less likely they were to have heart disease from dietary causes. Yes the smokers and heavy drinkers were still harming themselves, but those were long known risk factors. The problem is the Cholesterol theory said trans fatty acids made from vegetable oils were healthy and natural saturated fats were unhealthy. Two generations of Americans were bombarded with this propaganda based on a lie by a researcher who falsified data but who had the backing of powerful people in the government who trusted him. As a result the original formula for Margarine (beef tallow with a small quantity of oil and food coloring to make it look like butter) was replaced with Partially Hydrogenated Vegetable Oil which is solidified by the manufacturing process to add a high percentage of Trans Fatty Acids. In fact this propaganda has been so pervasive that you probably had a disgusted reaction to the description of Margarine even though it is made from natural food items and has no deleterious effects on human health.
You see Trans fatty Acids of the type made by hydrogenating vegetable oil are only slightly metabolized by the human chemical enzymes in the cells of your body. The cells mistakes them for a natural fatty acid which can be Saturated, monounsaturated or polyunsaturated. All three natural fats the human cell has enzymes to catabolize for energy or to incorporate into the cellular membrane made of phospholipids as structural material. If the cell has all the structures it needs for healthy function and the energy requirements are met these fatty acids are released back into the blood stream so the capillaries can distribute them to other cells which need them.
When being used for structure the cell needs a mixture of monounsaturated and fully saturated fatty acids to attach to the phosphorus to create the semi-permeable membrane that is the cell wall and structure. If it mistakes a trans-fatty acid for a saturated fatty acid as frequently happens the cell membrane is not put together as it normally functions because trans-fats have a 'kink' in their structure for every unsaturated bond forced into the trans configuration. In a monounsaturated trans fat there is one kink and in the poly there are two or even more. These kinks create greater permeability in the cell membrane which cause the cell to have to work harder to maintain the chemical differential between the blood stream and the interior of the cell. IOW the cell can compensate up to a point, but it requires energy that would not have been used in a normal membrane. Even worse for cellular structure trans-fatty acids are not highly stable, they have a half life for existence and at some point the trans configured double bond will spontaneously revert to the cis configuration macing a monounsaturated trans fat revert to being a monounsaturated normal fat. That would be problematic because the phospholipid layer is built with alternating layers of saturated and monounsaturated fats and the trans fats get placed in the saturated portion so now the cell has a mono in the wrong place. For the poly trans fats the situation in structure is worse because the multiple bonds do not spontaneously revert all at the same time, so they are left with first a flexible but still kinked fatty acid in place of the saturated fat and eventually with a poly unsaturated in place of a saturated.
In the Catabolism pathways for natural fatty acids the trans fats can enter the pathway and undergo the two initial cycles of beta oxidation to generate energy for the cell as normal. However once the molecule has been shortened by two cycles the trans configured portion of the fat reaches the reaction site on the enzyme and does not fit into the molecule. This halts the reaction and the molecule is rejected by the enzyme and a different available molecules enters the pathway. If the cell is undergoing high energy consumption at the time from say exercise these distorted molecules accumulate until energy demand decreases, then they are released back into the blood stream as shortened trans fats that the body recognizes as useless for structure.
However until such time as they spontaneously revert to cis configuration the body can not catabolize them any further either so they get stored in adipose tissue as triglycerides. The problem with this is human fat cells cycle their contents constantly, when the insulin content of the blood stream falls to normal levels about 6 hours after a meal the fat cells release small quantities of fatty acids into the blood stream to feed the heart and other muscles which actually prefer fat as their fuel of choice. The human body cycles through the stored fat molecules including the stored trans fats, but those trans fats can not be used for energy or structure because they are in the wrong configuration for energy and too short now for structure. Therefore the trans fats cause your adipose tissues to cycle more fatty acids into the blood to provide the amount needed for cell structure and catabolism despite the quantity of trans fats mixed into the supply. This is part of what drives higher triglyceride levels in the blood stream in some people. This in turn drives higher cholesterol because cholesterol is a transport mechanism for triglycerides.
IOW Cholesterol is a compensatory mechanism for excess trans fat in the body in addition to its normal roles as a hormone prerequisite and structural repair aid. By limiting endogenous cholesterol production as Statin medication does you limit the bodies capability to deal with the trans fats already stored in your system and those eaten in processed food every day. The FDA allows food manufacturers to label foods as 0 grams trans fat so long as 'one serving' is 'less than 0.5 grams'. In practice this means some manufacturers reduced the serving size enough to fall below the threshold without making any substitution for the use of trans fats in their process. In Europe they could not get away with this because the government requires nutrition labels list all ingredients as part of the standard quantity of 100 grams.
From prehistory up until about 1920 humans ate natural foods. Then Crisco (Crystallized Cottonseed Oil) entered the mass market as a vegetable based lard substitute manufactured by hydrogenating vegetable oil. Cottonseed oil is the easiest to solidify of all vegetable oils other than olive oil which is much more expensive. Originally Crisco was developed as a substitute for tallow as a candle fuel. As Kerosene and then electricity displaced cheap tallow/Crisco as candle fuel the manufacturers who had invested huge sums of money into plant and equipment for the process needed someone to buy their product so they invented 'vegetable shortening' for baking and produced a whole series of pamphlets and even complete cook books where every single recipe called for the 'new' 'great' manufactured lard substitute Crisco. When they were successful they spawned a whole group of imitators who jumped on the bandwagon of manufacturing trans fats and selling them to people as food. The sales pitch often involved the fact that these hydrogenated vegetable oils were tasteless so they did not change the flavor of food items in any fashion. This should have been a red flag because any natural food you eat has a flavor you desire, this is how your body tells you to eat more of whatever it is, from plain fruit to plain beef jerky.
Note that none of these entities set out to hurt people, they were just looking for a way to make a profit and pay their bills just like anyone else. However the few food tests done with Crisco in the early days were not at all successful. It didn't cause the test animals to keel over and die, however when Crisco is substituted for natural fats in a calorie controlled diet the test animals become hungry and fat at the same time because their bodies store the trans fats they can not catabolize and the lack of usable calories leaves then in calorie deficit. Being hungry while putting on weight is not a situation most humans find desirable so these test results were not prominently published. If the Crisco had made you feel full while still leaving you in calorie deficit it would be a wonder food, but that is not how metabolism works. This example also perfectly demonstrates that 'a calorie is a calorie' is a false statement because you can get lots of calories out of Crisco in the standard lab test, but if your cells can not access those calories it really doesn't deliver those calories to you does it? In fact there are hundreds of foods that are either poorly digested or poorly catabolized that have a calorie count in the lab completely out of proportion with their calorie impact on you as a biological system trying to access those calories to metabolically function.
Crisco = Cholesterol. Margarine made in the same process = cholesterol. Processed food containing partially or fully hydrogenated vegetable oils = cholesterol. All for the very same reason, the trans fats are structurally damaging, they are only partially catabolized, and both result in greater systemic inflammation which is the root cause of heart disease in patients who do not consume tobacco or excessive quantities of alcohol.
Yet between the manufacturers advertising skill, the FDA lack of oversight and the institutionalizing of Ancel Keys Diet Heart hypothesis blaming ingested cholesterol in your food; trans fats were allowed and promoted in the American diet for most of the last 50 years. Because the Doctors did not use due diligence to verify the effects of trans fats on human metabolism generations of people were told to eat more trans fats made from vegetable oils and avoid saturated fats made from animal oils. Partly this was because animal fats in food come with cholesterol because that is one of the ways animals store fatty acids for easy access.
Hydrogenated plants oils are free of cholesterol because only animals manufacture these molecules, plants use an analog molecule called phytosterol that Ancel Keys was all in favor of. So fear of Cholesterol lead to a very significant increase in the consumption of polyunsaturated fats and trans fats with a commensurate decrease in the consumption of saturated fatty acids that contain and promote cholesterol formation and function.
Trans fats clog up the metabolic enzymes in cells and create faulty structural membranes (anabolism) and disrupt energy production (catabolism), but were promoted by manufacturers and the US Government for generations as the healthy food choice over animal products despite all evidence to the contrary.
Every neutral lab testing trans fatty acids for food found that they stimulate cholesterol production and those who did membrane testing and catabolism testing discovered the problems they caused with cellular metabolism as much as fifty years ago, possibly longer. Because these studies did not support the FDA/Industry/Keys Cholesterol Hypothesis they were for the most part ignored and researchers were either asked to study something else, or lost funding to study the topic, because it was 'settled science' the authorities all agreed with.
The number of Americans who have suffered from these decisions is unknowable, however we do know that Heart Disease and Cancer grew extremely prominent in the last 70 years since Keys issued his first 'seven country study' with altered data sets to support his theory. We know trans fats cause inflammation (heart disease) and cellular membrane damage (Cancer?).
But in the world according to KaiserJeep all Doctors are honest and upright individuals who study the data intensively searching for any errors in judgement or beliefs that may be causing issues with their patients. Doctors would never alter data to fit a desired outcome or ignore data indicating their treatment regimen was harmful, right? Right?
Oh wait, the historical record says the exact opposite! But hey Doctor Keys is dead and the main proponents of trans fats as a dietary problem have won the fight at long last so all the problems are solved and the people now working in the medical profession have magically become paragons of virtue who all tell their patients the Cholesterol theory has been disproved and Statins are not needed right Kaiser? Right?
NYT 1990 Interview Dr. Enig Cholesterol Researcher