In 1994, scientists at the Pacific Northwest National Laboratory moved soil from moist, high-altitude sites to warmer and drier places lower in altitude, and vice versa. In 2011, they returned to the sites and looked again at the soil microbes and found that they had done little to adapt functionally to their new home. That’s a bad sign, experts say, for a world convulsed by a changing climate.
“These microbes have somehow lost the capacity to adapt to the new conditions,” said Vanessa Bailey, one of the authors of the study, published this month in PLOS One. That not what scientists anticipated, and it “calls into question the resilience of the overall environment to climate change,” she said. “Soil is the major buffer for environmental changes, and the microbial community is the basis for that resilience.”
Yet it is far more important, for microbes run the world. They are key players that perpetuate life on the planet, provide numerous ecosystem services, and serve as a major bulwark against environmental changes.
As vital as they are, we are only beginning to understand microbes and the role they play in the world’s ecosystems. The problem is that these fungi, archaea, and bacteria are so small that in a gram of soil (about a teaspoon), there are a billion or so, with many thousands of species. Perhaps 10 percent of the species are known. The Lilliputian communities that these microorganisms create are enormously complex, and their functions difficult to tease out. But in the last decade, new tools have been developed that have begun to change the research game.
“Soil was a black box,” said Janet Jansson, chief scientist for Biology Earth and Biological Sciences at the Pacific Northwest National Laboratory and president of the International Society for Microbial Ecology. “I have been working in microbial ecology for decades, and it has been difficult, if not impossible, to study them. Now we have these new molecular processes, and suddenly the whole field is exploding.”
There is a Manhattan Project-like urgency to sussing out these secrets. A paper in the journal Science last year called for a Unified Microbiome Initiative, and experts have held a series of meetings about it at the White House. The Earth Microbiome Project is a massive global effort to collect samples of microbial communities from thousands of ecosystems around the world. Meanwhile, the Global Soil Biodiversity Initiative got underway in 2011 — one-third of the world’s biodiversity lives beneath our feet — and it’s focused on preserving the services that healthy soil ecosystems provide, such as a place for plants to grow, the breakdown of waste, and the natural filtration of water. The TerraGenome Project is sequencing the metagenome of soil microbes.
[/quote]dohboi wrote:In the ancient Indian context, the boundaries between religion, philosophy and even science are a bit more blurred than in most of the modern West.
dohboi wrote:In the ancient Indian context, the boundaries between religion, philosophy and even science are a bit more blurred than in most of the modern West. Their linguistic science was in some ways far beyond its Western counterpart till fairly recently, even though it developed largely to help understand and preserve sacred texts.
Back to life...besides the imperative to save it, we also desperately need to gain better understanding of it, better than the paltry knowledge we have even of the life right beneath our feet: http://e360.yale.edu/feature/is_climate ... risk/2977/In 1994, scientists at the Pacific Northwest National Laboratory moved soil from moist, high-altitude sites to warmer and drier places lower in altitude, and vice versa. In 2011, they returned to the sites and looked again at the soil microbes and found that they had done little to adapt functionally to their new home. That’s a bad sign, experts say, for a world convulsed by a changing climate.
“These microbes have somehow lost the capacity to adapt to the new conditions,” said Vanessa Bailey, one of the authors of the study, published this month in PLOS One. That not what scientists anticipated, and it “calls into question the resilience of the overall environment to climate change,” she said. “Soil is the major buffer for environmental changes, and the microbial community is the basis for that resilience.”
Yet it is far more important, for microbes run the world. They are key players that perpetuate life on the planet, provide numerous ecosystem services, and serve as a major bulwark against environmental changes.
As vital as they are, we are only beginning to understand microbes and the role they play in the world’s ecosystems. The problem is that these fungi, archaea, and bacteria are so small that in a gram of soil (about a teaspoon), there are a billion or so, with many thousands of species. Perhaps 10 percent of the species are known. The Lilliputian communities that these microorganisms create are enormously complex, and their functions difficult to tease out. But in the last decade, new tools have been developed that have begun to change the research game.
“Soil was a black box,” said Janet Jansson, chief scientist for Biology Earth and Biological Sciences at the Pacific Northwest National Laboratory and president of the International Society for Microbial Ecology. “I have been working in microbial ecology for decades, and it has been difficult, if not impossible, to study them. Now we have these new molecular processes, and suddenly the whole field is exploding.”
There is a Manhattan Project-like urgency to sussing out these secrets. A paper in the journal Science last year called for a Unified Microbiome Initiative, and experts have held a series of meetings about it at the White House. The Earth Microbiome Project is a massive global effort to collect samples of microbial communities from thousands of ecosystems around the world. Meanwhile, the Global Soil Biodiversity Initiative got underway in 2011 — one-third of the world’s biodiversity lives beneath our feet — and it’s focused on preserving the services that healthy soil ecosystems provide, such as a place for plants to grow, the breakdown of waste, and the natural filtration of water. The TerraGenome Project is sequencing the metagenome of soil microbes.
SeaGypsy wrote:Yes someone else knows something about Vedic science. The generalization by Hawk is wrong. The Vedas contain a great deal of rational science, often blended with esoterica, not easy to explain to the uninitiated. I spent years hanging with Hindus, long enough to grok that our language is barely adequate.
efarmer wrote:Seagypsy,
I am getting too old for Vishnu but like most older guys I need a bunch of Brahma, so I keep praying for Brahma, Brahma, Brahma, but all she (God) delivers to me is jumbo cartons of Shiva. Any hints you would provide would be most welcome, also any exercises to wax my Brahma and wane my Shiva would be the berries as well. I would even attempt the impossible, like translating some of these forum posts for clarity and brevity or something purely physical like when Hercules diverted the river to clean out the stables. In my Catholic upbringing one has to smoke perhaps one turd in purgatory to get to the good, but in this belief system every day my doorbell rings, and I get all excited and ready for Brahma, but nope, I get another big ass box of Shiva..
This leads me to believe I am not doing anything wrong, but rather instead that this is just the way things are. If you have more game, throw EF a bone Seagypsy.
P.S. If anyone is short on Shiva, I have Type 0 Shiva, and I am a sharing sort of person.
shortonoil wrote:"Humans build stuff because the process releases energy stored in carbon (uraninium, etc) to assist Nature in reducing stored energy, it increases entropy. Nature designed humanity to get at hard to reduce energy stores."
Guess what? She probably isn't going to need us much longer!
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