Plant, these defaults are not directly the fault of the government.
The Central States Pension Fund is comprised of Teamsters Union members in 37 states. It has about 400,000 members, and 220,000 are already retired. It will go broke in 10 years because it pays out $3.54 in benefits to retirees for each $1.00 of new revenue from active working members. The pension fund got into trouble because many, many companies were allowed to go bankrupt owing the fund millions of dollars.
http://www.kansascity.com/news/business/article60760061.html The General Motors hourly worker pension fund has 212,000 active participants but 360,000 existing retirees. It has $61B in assets which amounts to being $10.4B underfunded for current retiree obligations over the next decade. These are United Auto Worker (UAW) members.
http://www.nytimes.com/aponline/2016/02/18/business/ap-us-general-motors-notes.html?_r=0Both the Teamsters Union and the UAW were of course VERY SUCCESSFUL at extracting wage and benefit concessions from employers. So much so that the old GM went into bankruptcy in 2009, and was re-structured on the taxpayer's nickle. At the time this happened, GM had to burden each new vehicle it constructed with $3000 in additional cost for the greatly enhanced payroll and benefits the UAW had negotiated.
The biggest light industry in the MidWest was the
former automobile industry. Now with suddenly competitive imported automobiles, and jobs exported via NAFTA to Mexico and Canada, the state of Michigan is pretty broke, as are nearby states with stakes in the auto industry.
The causes are many, but the biggies are:
1) Competition from imported vehicles - hang this one on the labor unions. Both the Teamsters and the UAW are unofficial branches of the Democrats, making huge contributions in favor of beneficial legislation, and acting as a political machine to bring in the Democratic base. The quid-pro-quo labor legislation crippled the auto industry. The secondary tier of auto industry suppliers, and the Teamsters who were employed at such suppliers moving both raw materials and vehicle components followed the downward spiral.
2) Low interest rates curtailing revenues from the pension fund bonds - the financial meltdown and bailout of 2008 pretty much caused this, nobody wants the bonds because of low yields.
3) The new auto industry is highly mechanized. Robots build cars today, rather than people - meaning fewer dues paying members and (thanks to the Baby Boom) more retirees. What should have happened is sharply increased union dues, but it was easier to depend upon Obamacare in place of health benefits, and with Congress dumping new money into the union unemployment fund regularly, dues were actually cut during this period.
All these were foreseeable with 20/20 hindsight, and perhaps foreseeable period. But knowing one has a huge, hard to solve problem and solving it are not the same.
Ours is the last generation that will work and retire in the old model. Our children will work and lose everything they save for retirement, and their children largely will never work. I don't know what that economy looks like, only that it will be largely dis-functional.
Welcome to the Post Peak Oil world.