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Farmed fish could solve pending population crisis

 

MONTEREY, Calif. — Farmed fish has gotten a bad rap, but it’s the only way the world is going to feed the additional 2.4  billion people expected to be added to the Earth’s population in the next 34 years, experts told a sustainable food conference.

With the world’s arable land maxed out and wild seafood overfished, aquaculture is the one place we can look to produce enough animal protein for all those extra mouths, said Steve Gaines, a professor of marine biology at the University of California Santa Barbara and lead investigator for the university’s sustainable fisheries group. He spoke at a conference on sustainable food at the Monterey Bay Aquarium earlier this month.

The rising human population isn’t the only issue. As standards of living rise, people eat more protein and especially more meat. In China, for example, annual meat consumption has risen from 28 pounds per person in 1982 to 138 pounds in 2015.

Growing enough crops to feed more pigs, chickens and cows is a challenge. In most of the world, all the land that can be planted already is planted. Plowing under the marginal land that’s left would only lead to deforestation and land degradation, which only contributes to climate change, said Gaines.

Turning to the world’s oceans doesn’t help. Analysis of global fisheries, even if all were sustainably managed for maximum production, would only take care of between 1% and 5% of the coming demand, Gaines said.

The only option, experts at the Monterey conference said, is aquaculture.  Currently just 15% of world animal protein consumption comes from aquaculture but that can quickly be ramped up.

It’s a hard sell in the United States. Panelists blamed part of the U.S. prejudice against aquaculture on NIMBYism (i.e. Not In My Backyard.) Americans were content to eat farmed salmon, shrimp, oysters and other species when they were produced far away, but didn’t want to see fish farms and pens in their pristine waters at home.

There’s also an ongoing negative connotation with fish farming among the more eco-conscious in the United States because of early unsustainable fishery examples, especially farmed salmon and shrimp, in South America and Asia.

Asian seafood producers have been cleaning up their acts but damaging stories about aquaculture there continue to make the rounds, said Kevin Fitzsimmons, a professor of aquaculture at the University of Arizona in Tucson, Az.

He says he frequently hears Americans complain about agricultural leavings and animal waste being used in fish ponds in southeast Asia, a practice that’s actually both sustainable and deeply rooted in the culture, he said.

“In the United States, if somebody puts chicken waste in their garden they’re an organic farmer and it’s wonderful. But if they put it in a fish pond in China, we say they’re trying to kill us,” he said.

More efficient

Today a wave of innovation and investment has meant that aquaculture overall is much more environmentally friendly and efficient than it once was.

An ongoing issue is that ocean-going fish, especially salmon, must be fed food that contains omega 3 fatty acids to taste like their wild counterparts. While fresh water fish such as tilapia and catfish don’t need this, historically salmon have been fed feed that contains ground fishmeal. That meant that it could take as much as two pounds of fish to grow one pound of salmon.

Now multiple companies are working to create algae and yeast-based feeds to replace fish meal and make fish feed fully vegetarian, said the University of Arizona’s Fitzsimmons said.

While there’s still room to improve overall, ongoing technological and management advances mean that fish farming has become a very ecologic way to produce food.

“The potential is for aquaculture to be a highly sustainable, low-impact protein,” UCSB’s Gaines said.

Asia out in front

Asia, which has practiced pond and rice paddy-based aquaculture for millennium, has embraced modern aquaculture. Today more than 70% of all seafood from aquaculture is produced in Asia, according to the Food and Agricultural Organization of the United Nations.

“Asia leads the globe. Thanks to aquaculture, the global per capita supply of fish is at an all time high,” said Edward Allison, a professor of marine and environmental affairs at the University of Washington in Seattle.

In Asia, most fish are farmed inland in ponds. Traditionally, agricultural waste was added to the ponds. That fed algae that in turn fed zooplankton that the fish ate, making the system very ecologically friendly and sustainable.

Fish isn’t the only aquaculture product being produced there. Korea has developed a commercial method for making high quality paper using red seaweed, said Fitzsimmons. Someday seaweed farms planted just offshore of large cities could take up farm runoff nutrients and CO2, lowering pollution and climate-changing gasses.

A city “could actually be carbon positive” just from seaweed farms, Fitzsimmons said.

Long ramp up

Americans need to start eating a wider variety of seafood than just shrimp, tuna and salmon, the experts said.

Currently 78% of the salmon Americans eat is farmed, according to research by Oai Li Chen at the University of Washington. However, as a whole, salmon makes up just one-fifth of world aquaculture production, said Peet.

“On land we eat four things: cows, pigs, chickens and lambs. But in aquaculture there are hundreds of different species, the diversity of options choices is so much richer than from the land,” said Gaines.

Popular farmed fish in Asia include carp, tilapia Asian sea bass, snappers and groupers, said Fitzsimmons. His favorite is tilapia, which he said is to seafood as chicken is to poultry.

“People are going to eat it everywhere, it’s replacing wild caught fish all over the place,” he said.

And it’s tilapia isn’t just for eating. He proudly showed off his vest, which looked to be made of black leather but was in fact tanned tilapia skin made in Brazil.

“You can really do a lot with it,” he said.

USA TODAY



59 Comments on "Farmed fish could solve pending population crisis"

  1. makati1 on Mon, 26th Sep 2016 8:11 pm 

    “Americans were content to eat farmed salmon, shrimp, oysters and other species when they were produced far away, but didn’t want to see fish farms and pens in their pristine waters at home.”

    ““In the United States, if somebody puts chicken waste in their garden they’re an organic farmer and it’s wonderful. But if they put it in a fish pond in China, we say they’re trying to kill us,” he said.”

    ‘Exceptional’ Americans will start fish farming and eating their product,or do without. Nothing is more ‘filth eaters’ than chickens, second only to pigs and yet those are the most popular meats in America.

    We plan a large pond on the farm to grow a variety of fish and it is located on the top of a hill. It will be used to help manage the ~10′ of rain the areas gets annually as well as a source of food. Self-sufficiency is the goal.

  2. Go Speed Racer on Mon, 26th Sep 2016 8:33 pm 

    Farmed fish harms wild fish. On the
    Columbia river, the farm fish are in pens on the
    shore. They have parasites that infect the wild
    ones swimming by. Farm fish does not taste
    as good. Say no to farm fish.

  3. Truth Has A Liberal Bias on Mon, 26th Sep 2016 8:46 pm 

    http://www.puresalmon.org/feed.html

    Industrialized salmon farming relies on a deeply flawed assumption that agricultural practices for animals can be applied to carnivorous fish. In terms of the marine food chain, farming salmon is roughly analogous to raising tigers for meat

    It takes vast quantities of fish caught in the wild to provide sufficient food for penned salmon. A study in the journal Nature calculated that more than three pounds of wild fish—anchovies, herring, sardines, menhaden, mackerel, and the like—are needed to produce one pound of marketable farmed salmon. This produces a net loss of fisheries resources, not a gain as the global salmon farming industry claims.

  4. Truth Has A Liberal Bias on Mon, 26th Sep 2016 8:47 pm 

    USA Today = Retards Today

  5. makati1 on Mon, 26th Sep 2016 9:17 pm 

    GSR, real wild fish are disappearing due to climate change and over fishing more than ‘fish farms’.

  6. makati1 on Mon, 26th Sep 2016 9:18 pm 

    Truth, the source of this article is suspect, of course. So is the article.

  7. makati1 on Mon, 26th Sep 2016 9:19 pm 

    Truth, so is the article you refer to.

  8. Anonymous on Mon, 26th Sep 2016 9:31 pm 

    Pretty much every fish farm on the coast of BC has been a disaster of one sort or another. They are blamed (rightly), for polluting local waterways, at levels and concentrations similar to industry. It has also been observed most of the fish raised here in ‘Super Natural BC’ (fish-farms), suffer from lice and other illnesses, that ‘natural’ fish seldom do.

    In short, if fish farms could feed the world, we would have figured that out and started doing it decades ago.

    ‘Fish Farm’s are simply water-born CAFOs and suffer from pretty much all the same problems, and flaws as land one do. Sick animals, toxic run-off, inferior end-product, the works. Fish-farms simply try to take the CAFO model and stick in the water. And the results have been less than impressive to say the least…

  9. Harquebus on Mon, 26th Sep 2016 9:47 pm 

    “Vital fish stocks destined for human mouths in West Africa are being pillaged by foreign meat companies to feed pig, chicken and salmon farms on the other side of the world”
    “Far from feeding the planet, this investigation shows how factory farming is creating food insecurity – taking food out of the mouths of hungry people to feed to farm animals.”
    http://www.independent.co.uk/news/world/africa/millions-of-africans-face-food-insecurity-as-fish-stocks-diverted-to-make-animal-feed-for-western-a7235051.html

  10. makati1 on Mon, 26th Sep 2016 9:47 pm 

    Anonymous, fish farming started millenia ago, not just in the last few years. If there is a problem it is with the ‘for profit’ farm corporations, not the idea. There will be no choice soon. Wait and see.

  11. makati1 on Mon, 26th Sep 2016 9:53 pm 

    Harq, what is new about the 1st world plundering the 3rd world so the 1st world can get fat/rich? Nothing new here. This is a drop in the bucket compared to other thefts occurring for hundreds of years.

    The 3rd world is still the 3rd world because the 1st world will not allow it to use its own resources to grow. The takers cannot give up their ill gotten loot. Morals be damned.

  12. Anonymous on Mon, 26th Sep 2016 11:25 pm 

    mak, do you know what ‘fish farm’ is? We have a number of them here, and the local news reports on their sick, diseased fish, and the pollution they cause with some regularity. Most, did in fact, start few years ago, not a few 1000, lol. Not sure what kind of ‘fish farm’ you are speaking of. Not even sure what kind of fish farms existed a few thousand years back. If you mean, went out in boats and stuck nets in the water, then, yea ok, I guess we can call ‘fish farming’, if you prefer.

  13. makati1 on Tue, 27th Sep 2016 12:49 am 

    Anon, do YOU know that Asians have been farming fish for thousands of years. That North Americans do not know how to do it safely is the problem. Or maybe it is the “for profit” methods they use? lol

    Might I suggest that that you use Google Earth and look at the fish farms in Asia. Then use a search engine to look up the fish farming history. When you get educated, come back and we can discuss it. Until then, best to try to put down something you know only what you read about in the “news”.

    Might I suggest: http://www7.taosnet.com/platinum/data/whatis/history.html

    or: http://www.fao.org/docrep/field/009/ag158e/ag158e02.htm

    or: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aquaculture_in_China

    “Aquaculture began about 3500 BC in China with the farming of the common carp.”

    I would say 5,500 years is more than “a few”.

  14. Anonymous on Tue, 27th Sep 2016 1:07 am 

    Good to hear your all for lice ridden salmon and massive runoff and pollution from ‘fish farm’s.

    http://www.huffingtonpost.ca/2013/11/30/bc-fish-farms-atlantic-salmon-cermaq-aquaculture_n_4365263.html

    I called these guys up ask them if how they managed to stay in business for 5500 years and said that was an impressive achievement. They asked me who said that, and I told them mak from PO.com said corporate fish farms have been a reality for going back at least 5 millennium on the west coast of BC. I said you had references to back that claim up. They said ‘he’ (you) was mistaken (ie full of shit I gathered they meant) and hung up.

  15. Davy on Tue, 27th Sep 2016 6:08 am 

    Fish farms are a false hope for a starving world. They are dirty and require wild fish stocks to sustain them. This makes them unsustainable plain and simple. The ocean is warming and polluting which will further make them unsustainable. At least wild fish can migrate within a range to less difficult waters. There is some potential for fish to support small farm operations. We have 4 lakes on my family farm. They are full of bass, crappie, and bluegill. This can be another sources of food in a collapse. This is not going to feed the world. Small farm ponds will supplement locals but they will not scale up in a collapsing world of less transport, energy, and money. Yes, it takes money to finance these things and it takes refrigeration then transport. This is the same old story of it terrestrial brother industrial agriculture.

  16. Davy on Tue, 27th Sep 2016 6:11 am 

    Makati!, Chinese waters are now so polluted they are for the most part unfit to use for anything but industrial purposes. The rest of Asia is heading that way. If we buy frozen fish we do not buy anything Asian. There are enough chemicals in our diet without importing poison from Asia.

  17. makati1 on Tue, 27th Sep 2016 6:37 am 

    Anon, you really need to see a psychiatrist and get your meds changed. I gave you three references to the time line of pond raised fish, not corporate raised fish. HUGE difference. Obviously that fact went over your head or it hit a void somewhere inside. Rising fish for your own use is a lot different from raising fish for profit. But, if you are a Westerner, you may not realize that there is a difference. Too bad.

    I eat pond raised fish often here and I have never seen one with any problems. And they sell them gutted, but otherwise whole and fresh, not frozen, or even live in some stores. I caught enough wild fish to know if one is diseased and I have yet to see one here.

  18. oracle on Tue, 27th Sep 2016 6:53 am 

    Rather than finding ways of feeding more people, we need birth, death and consumption rates to be in equilibrium.

    Oh, our finite world.

  19. ghung on Tue, 27th Sep 2016 8:41 am 

    Mak said; “We plan a large pond on the farm to grow a variety of fish and it is located on the top of a hill. It will be used to help manage the ~10′ of rain the areas gets annually as well as a source of food. Self-sufficiency is the goal.”

    Right, Mak. We keep hearing about your “plans”. Have been for years. WTF? Just do it, or …….

    One of the first things I did here was develop our water resource. Nothing extensive; two small/medium ponds and a number of irrigation cisterns. The ponds self-stocked with bream before I could stock my own fish. Bream eggs apparently get transported from pond to pond on aquatic birds’ legs and feet.

    I added another 150 channel cats to our larger pond this past spring. Caught/released a few last week and they have doubled in size over the summer without being fed commercial food. Since bream will compete with catfish for food, I plan to catch bream for making fish emulsion fertilizer, and use some of the ‘leftovers’ for catfish food.

    I don’t expect to produce commercial quantities of fish this way, but having another protein source going forward will help us become more self-sufficient. Looking into raising prawns in tanks but the larger species like the ‘Australian Reds’ (sometimes called fresh water lobsters) are currently banned in this area. That may change since our native waters are too cool for them to reproduce in the wild.

    From the article: ““On land we eat four things: cows, pigs, chickens and lambs.”

    Goat meat is a rising part of US meat consumption, especially with changing demographics. Goats can be raised on marginal land with a minimum of food supplements. I’m going to a goat show next month and hope to return with a few good does.

  20. Cloggie on Tue, 27th Sep 2016 9:11 am 

    Goat meat is a rising part of US meat consumption, especially with changing demographics.

    https://s-media-cache-ak0.pinimg.com/736x/ee/62/1e/ee621e00359ee342c6110c448bccb61b.jpg

  21. ghung on Tue, 27th Sep 2016 9:16 am 

    Those are sheep, Cloggie.

  22. Cloggie on Tue, 27th Sep 2016 9:25 am 

    Those are sheep, Cloggie.

    http://tinyurl.com/hcwawbp

  23. Cloggie on Tue, 27th Sep 2016 9:29 am 

    http://www.urbandictionary.com/define.php?term=goatfucker

    http://i.cdn.turner.com/trutv/trutv.com/graphics/photogallery/most-compelling-crime-photos/theo-van-gogh-body.jpg

    Theo van Gogh murdered by a Jihadist. Kill the leaders of the resistance first.

    Apneagirl and ghung will never resist. That would be “racist” and we are all glad we are not like that.

  24. ghung on Tue, 27th Sep 2016 10:29 am 

    Clog said; “Apneagirl and ghung will never resist.”

    Sure, Cloggo, trespass on my property and find out. We’ll place bets on whether the crows or buzzards get your eyeballs first.

  25. Cloggie on Tue, 27th Sep 2016 10:50 am 

    trespass on my property and find out.

    You know very well I was not talking at the level of your pickle farm, but on the civilization level.

    But that’s no doubt a too “collectivist” concept for your taste.

    ghung understands, very much in contrast to Friday, that WW3 is lost and there won’t be a global AngloZionist empire and has decided to give the libertarian mode of living a try. The only thing ghung from now on will ever defend is his pickle farm.

    Not that anybody is interested in raiding his pickle operation, but it is the thought that counts.

  26. vox_mundi on Tue, 27th Sep 2016 11:03 am 

    The Soylent Oceanographic Survey Report, 2015 to 2019 report was right. The Oceans are dying

    The Intelligence community’s take on global fishing …

    Global Implications of Illegal, Unreported, and Unregulated (IUU) Fishing
    https://www.dni.gov/index.php/newsroom/reports-and-publications/214-reports-publications-2016/1416-global-implications-of-illegal,-unreported,-and-unregulated-iuu-fishing

    Global fisheries face an existential threat in the decades ahead from surging worldwide demand, declining ocean health, and continued illegal, unreported, and unregulated (IUU) fishing.

    Up to a third of wild-caught seafood imported to the United States in 2011 was caught illegally, according to an academic study. The same study estimates that the United States consumes four to 16 percent of global IUU catches.

    IUU fishing is a longstanding problem, but became a more serious issue in the 1990s when sustained overfishing appears to have triggered a sharp decline in actual total catches, even as officially reported data showed only a plateauing or modest fall after decades of increase, according to an academic study (check out the chart pg7).

  27. Apneaman on Tue, 27th Sep 2016 12:50 pm 

    Clogged, I spent more time resisting authority and those who tried to fuck with me you ever will and I have the, firings, battle scars, charges and jail time to prove it. It would take me all of 20 seconds to curb stomp an effeminate Dutchboy like you even if you was in your prime. Like intelligence the aggression is largely a product of genetics and you have neither. Son of a Nazi collaborator or maybe a Nazi officer when dad rented out mom for a pack of cigarettes and a loaf of bread back in 1944. I bet the last time you were in a fight was in grade 2 when you and your boyfriend had a slap fight over who gets to put the dress on your barbie doll. Funny how the Dutch war baby talks about resisting when 99% of his country kneeled down to the Nazis like a bunch of sissy boot lickers. Pray tell clogged, enlighten us with your tales of resisting of authority you have done growing up in the Dutch socialist utopia? No eh? How about bending over for the latest invaders – Muslims? Clogged you’re a pathetic disappointed and worn out old man and you won’t be resisting shit. The only fight left for your old ass is bladder control.

  28. Cloggie on Tue, 27th Sep 2016 1:13 pm 

    “I spent more time resisting authority”

    Authority? In Canada? And what the hell did that resisting authority consist of? Probably not paying parking tickets to your British overlords under the motto: no representation, no taxation.lol

    “jail time”

    Let me guess Friday, for raping girls with strangulation attempt, your favorite past-time? (“Apneaman means someone who applies strangulation sex, his ow words”)

    “It would take me all of 20 seconds to curb stomp an effeminate Dutchboy”

    Are you sure? All easy talk from a guy on the safe side of the planet. I am 6.4 feet, trained and muscular and would have very little trouble with a commie loser like you, who hands over his city without a peep to his new Asian overlords. Pathetic clown with a dirty soul. Sells car parts during the day in some sad depressing warehouse and in the night whines about the destruction of the environment and climate change.

  29. Boat on Tue, 27th Sep 2016 2:14 pm 

    Tilapia on sale for $1.29 lb. Roast $2.00 per lb. Pinto beans, 3 lb for $1, head of lettuce .89 per head, tomatoes .57 per lb. cucumber .50 rice 1 lb for .32, corn .10 per ear.

    Why farm, garden, and raise fish when you can shop in ac.

  30. Apneaman on Tue, 27th Sep 2016 2:33 pm 

    Clogged are you still a virgin? 72 year old virgin who claims to be the dutch Jean-Claude Van Damme only taller. Fuck are you ever naive about human sexuality (all things human actually). 2016 and still moralizing about sex? Typical fascist mentality from the Dutch boy who can go window shopping for whores in Amsterdam everyday. Monogamy is a myth and humans do every sexual act that can be thought up billions of times everyday and in every way since humans first evolved. They like Bonobos behind closed doors. One would think a 72 year old, 6′ 4″ adonis such as yourself would have plenty of experience since women love to fuck physically powerful men.

    Chinese investments in Netherlands hit record high

    “Chinese enterprises’ investment in the Netherlands reached a record 1.1 billion euros ($1.2 billion) in 2014, according to a report by the Netherlands Foreign Investment Agency on Wednesday.

    Thirty-seven Chinese enterprises have put some 197 million euros into Greenfield investments, creating 500 new jobs in the Netherlands in the next three years, said Guy Wittich, the agency’s consul and executive director for China.

    Greenfield investments are those in which new operational facilities are built from the ground up. Some 900 million euros have been spent on mergers and acquisitions.

    More than 500 Chinese companies had set up operations in the Netherlands by the end of 2014. Every year, the agency helps facilitate the addition of another 40 new Chinese companies on average.”

    http://www.chinadaily.com.cn/world/2015-03/20/content_19868111.htm

    Looks like somebody did something……not that I give a shit.

    Plunging foreign investment in Vancouver real estate ‘the impact we wanted’: B.C. premier

    Total percentage of residential sales involving foreigner buyers dropped from 16.5% to 0.7%

    http://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/british-columbia/foreign-buyers-tax-data-1.3772158

  31. Davy on Tue, 27th Sep 2016 2:58 pm 

    Ghung, if you are going to that goat show to buy some goats I highly recommend going to Dr Brownings site at the University of Tennessee first. He has done a decade long research on the economics of different breeds of goats. His studies points to Kiko and Spanish over the Boar goats. If you are looking to Milk goats I can’t help you. I am doing meat goats.

  32. ghung on Tue, 27th Sep 2016 10:11 pm 

    @Davy: We’re pretty much going for Kikos or a Kiko/Savannah cross. I still have a way to go before I’ll feel ready, but we’re getting there.

  33. Kenz300 on Wed, 28th Sep 2016 9:52 am 

    Maybe the solution to the population crisis is to slow population growth. Every year the world adds 80 million more mouths to feed, clothe, house and provide an education and jobs for. This is not sustainable.

    Travel to the Real Philippines: Homeless Family w/ 3 Young Kids. Poverty among Filipinos is High

    https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=HgCVQqSK_Vw

    Having a child that you can not provide for is cruel and leads to more poverty, suffering and despair

    Child Beggars Of India- A Documentary

    https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=spA3gb4Eiyc

    The Effects Of Growth: Sprawl & Development – YouTube

    https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=UA33sraoyCk

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  35. 西川ダウン予約 on Fri, 14th Oct 2016 12:36 pm 

    ダウンジャケットを選ぶ時のポイントとなるところは色々ありますが、アウトドア用に身に纏う状況が多いパターンは、腕の稼動を妨害しないこと、防寒性能に優れていること、降雪や雨に力のあること等々が挙げられます。上記に影響するのが、稼働しやすい裁断と原料がドッサリとしたダウン量、ゴアテックスなどの防水透湿資材の取り入れになるのです。真冬の長時間の屋外では身体は次々と温度を奪われていきます。これを受けファッショナブルなダウンジャケットは仮にプレミアムブランド物だとしてもさほどイチ押しとは言えません。この度はアウトドア銘柄のダウンジャケットを耐寒温度ごとに対比しつつ
    おすすめします。見た目よりも性能重視で防寒着において信用できるものを選ぶところですね。耐寒温度は目標ですが、寒がりな人は想定される気温から2~3ランク上の物をチョイスすると問題ないでしょう。寒さ対策は寒さを排除することも肝心ですから、上半身だけでなく下半身の寒さ対策にも注意すれば更に心地良く過ごせます。

  36. 家庭用精米機おすすめ on Sat, 15th Oct 2016 6:35 am 

    精米機を推奨してるのです。事情は自宅は玄米を知り合いの農家から調達して30kgをコイン精米機で精米して頂いていたのですが7~8月の暑い日の保存で虫が発生するようになり自宅で少量を精米事態になりました。家庭精米機をセレクトしたのは有名だからです。
    確かに30kgを300円前後で精米できるらしいのでご家族での精米は割り高でぬかも生じますのでやっかいですが、現在では自宅などの精米白飯が美味で精米完了の白米を購入する気がせずです。評価をじっくり読んで欲しい。精米機を使用してない知人から、どうして精米機を使っているのか。精米機を利用していて満足したこと。精米機の課題について調査をもらいます。私が精米機を使う根拠は、糠を料理に使用したかったからです。その上、精米したては美味だからです。良かったことは、玄米の方が、精米した米と比較して保管が効くということです。実際に、精米したては美味ですよ。問題は一際ありません。最近の精米機で遺憾なく力を発揮してます。

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  44. makati1 on Tue, 10th Jan 2017 8:09 pm 

    peaky, they are a plague on reality and truth. I suspect that they will try to dominate the internet, before it is shut down completely to the common folk. And, it WILL be shut off to us eventually. Truth cannot be allowed to spread at the speed of light. It is only a matter of time.

  45. Clothes Supplier in Vietnam on Sun, 29th Jan 2017 11:21 pm 

    Hi i am kavin, its my first occasion to commenting anywhere, when i
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  46. GregT on Mon, 30th Jan 2017 12:17 am 

    Hi kavin,

    A couple of small requests, if you don’t mind. Please ask the American corporations in Vietnam to stop putting American labels on clothing that is clearly not made in the USA, and start demanding that they pay you guys a living wage.

    Thanks!

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